Papers | Parallel Computing
2023
Yasir Arfat, Gianluca Mittone, Iacopo Colonnelli, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Roberto Esposito, Marco Aldinucci
Pooling critical datasets with Federated Learning Proceedings Article
In: 31st Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing, PDP 2023, pp. 329–337, IEEE, Napoli, Italy, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: admire, ai, cardio, confidential, hpc4ai
@inproceedings{23:praise-fl:pdp,
title = {Pooling critical datasets with Federated Learning},
author = {Yasir Arfat and Gianluca Mittone and Iacopo Colonnelli and Fabrizio D'Ascenzo and Roberto Esposito and Marco Aldinucci},
url = {https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/491e22ec-3db5-4989-a063-085a199edd20/23_pdp_fl.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/PDP59025.2023.00057},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
booktitle = {31st Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing, PDP 2023},
pages = {329–337},
publisher = {IEEE},
address = {Napoli, Italy},
abstract = {Federated Learning (FL) is becoming popular in different industrial sectors where data access is critical for security, privacy and the economic value of data itself. Unlike traditional machine learning, where all the data must be globally gathered for analysis, FL makes it possible to extract knowledge from data distributed across different organizations that can be coupled with different Machine Learning paradigms. In this work, we replicate, using Federated Learning, the analysis of a pooled dataset (with AdaBoost) that has been used to define the PRAISE score, which is today among the most accurate scores to evaluate the risk of a second acute myocardial infarction. We show that thanks to the extended-OpenFL framework, which implements AdaBoost.F, we can train a federated PRAISE model that exhibits comparable accuracy and recall as the centralised model. We achieved F1 and F2 scores which are consistently comparable to the PRAISE score study of a 16- parties federation but within an order of magnitude less time.},
keywords = {admire, ai, cardio, confidential, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Federated Learning (FL) is becoming popular in different industrial sectors where data access is critical for security, privacy and the economic value of data itself. Unlike traditional machine learning, where all the data must be globally gathered for analysis, FL makes it possible to extract knowledge from data distributed across different organizations that can be coupled with different Machine Learning paradigms. In this work, we replicate, using Federated Learning, the analysis of a pooled dataset (with AdaBoost) that has been used to define the PRAISE score, which is today among the most accurate scores to evaluate the risk of a second acute myocardial infarction. We show that thanks to the extended-OpenFL framework, which implements AdaBoost.F, we can train a federated PRAISE model that exhibits comparable accuracy and recall as the centralised model. We achieved F1 and F2 scores which are consistently comparable to the PRAISE score study of a 16- parties federation but within an order of magnitude less time.
2022
Mirko Polato, Roberto Esposito, Marco Aldinucci
Boosting the Federation: Cross-Silo Federated Learning without Gradient Descent Proceedings Article
In: Intl. Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1–10, IEEE, Padua, Italy, 2022.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: eupilot, hpc4ai
@inproceedings{22:fl:ijcnn,
title = {Boosting the Federation: Cross-Silo Federated Learning without Gradient Descent},
author = {Mirko Polato and Roberto Esposito and Marco Aldinucci},
url = {https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/03a7b692-aecc-43db-a792-874c553d9ebe/ijcnn22-internal.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/IJCNN55064.2022.9892284},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
booktitle = {Intl. Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)},
pages = {1–10},
publisher = {IEEE},
address = {Padua, Italy},
abstract = {Federated Learning has been proposed to develop better AI systems without compromising the privacy of final users and the legitimate interests of private companies. Initially deployed by Google to predict text input on mobile devices, FL has been deployed in many other industries. Since its introduction, Federated Learning mainly exploited the inner working of neural networks and other gradient descent-based algorithms by either exchanging the weights of the model or the gradients computed during learning. While this approach has been very successful, it rules out applying FL in contexts where other models are preferred, e.g., easier to interpret or known to work better. This paper proposes FL algorithms that build federated models without relying on gradient descent-based methods. Specifically, we leverage distributed versions of the AdaBoost algorithm to acquire strong federated models. In contrast with previous approaches, our proposal does not put any constraint on the client-side learning models. We perform a large set of experiments on ten UCI datasets, comparing the algorithms in six non-iidness settings.},
keywords = {eupilot, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Federated Learning has been proposed to develop better AI systems without compromising the privacy of final users and the legitimate interests of private companies. Initially deployed by Google to predict text input on mobile devices, FL has been deployed in many other industries. Since its introduction, Federated Learning mainly exploited the inner working of neural networks and other gradient descent-based algorithms by either exchanging the weights of the model or the gradients computed during learning. While this approach has been very successful, it rules out applying FL in contexts where other models are preferred, e.g., easier to interpret or known to work better. This paper proposes FL algorithms that build federated models without relying on gradient descent-based methods. Specifically, we leverage distributed versions of the AdaBoost algorithm to acquire strong federated models. In contrast with previous approaches, our proposal does not put any constraint on the client-side learning models. We perform a large set of experiments on ten UCI datasets, comparing the algorithms in six non-iidness settings.
Federica Proietto Salanitri, Giovanni Bellitto, Simone Palazzo, Ismail Irmakci, Michael B. Wallace, Candice W. Bolan, Megan Engels, Sanne Hoogenboom, Marco Aldinucci, Ulas Bagci, Daniela Giordano, Concetto Spampinato
Neural Transformers for Intraductal Papillary Mucosal Neoplasms (IPMN) Classification in MRI images Proceedings Article
In: 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society, EMBC 2022, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, July 11-15, 2022, pp. 475–479, IEEE, 2022.
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/embc/SalanitriBPIWBE22,
title = {Neural Transformers for Intraductal Papillary Mucosal Neoplasms (IPMN) Classification in MRI images},
author = {Federica Proietto Salanitri and Giovanni Bellitto and Simone Palazzo and Ismail Irmakci and Michael B. Wallace and Candice W. Bolan and Megan Engels and Sanne Hoogenboom and Marco Aldinucci and Ulas Bagci and Daniela Giordano and Concetto Spampinato},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871547},
doi = {10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871547},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
booktitle = {44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society, EMBC 2022, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, July 11-15, 2022},
pages = {475–479},
publisher = {IEEE},
keywords = {hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
2021
Marco Aldinucci, Valentina Cesare, Iacopo Colonnelli, Alberto Riccardo Martinelli, Gianluca Mittone, Barbara Cantalupo
Practical Parallelizazion of a Laplace Solver with MPI Proceedings Article
In: Iannone, Francesco (Ed.): ENEA CRESCO in the fight against COVID-19, pp. 21–24, ENEA, 2021.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: hpc4ai
@inproceedings{21:laplace:enea,
title = {Practical Parallelizazion of a Laplace Solver with MPI},
author = {Marco Aldinucci and Valentina Cesare and Iacopo Colonnelli and Alberto Riccardo Martinelli and Gianluca Mittone and Barbara Cantalupo},
editor = {Francesco Iannone},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
booktitle = {ENEA CRESCO in the fight against COVID-19},
pages = {21–24},
publisher = {ENEA},
abstract = {This work exposes a practical methodology for the semi-automatic parallelization of existing code. We show how a scientific sequential code can be parallelized through our approach. The obtained parallel code is only slightly different from the starting sequential one, providing an example of how little re-designing our methodology involves. The performance of the parallelized code, executed on the CRESCO6 cluster, is then exposed and discussed. We also believe in the educational value of this approach and suggest its use as a teaching device for students.},
keywords = {hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This work exposes a practical methodology for the semi-automatic parallelization of existing code. We show how a scientific sequential code can be parallelized through our approach. The obtained parallel code is only slightly different from the starting sequential one, providing an example of how little re-designing our methodology involves. The performance of the parallelized code, executed on the CRESCO6 cluster, is then exposed and discussed. We also believe in the educational value of this approach and suggest its use as a teaching device for students.
Yasir Arfat, Gianluca Mittone, Roberto Esposito, Barbara Cantalupo, Gaetano Maria De Ferrari, Marco Aldinucci
A Review of Machine Learning for Cardiology Journal Article
In: Minerva cardiology and angiology, 2021.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: deephealth, hpc4ai
@article{21:ai4numbers:minerva,
title = {A Review of Machine Learning for Cardiology},
author = {Yasir Arfat and Gianluca Mittone and Roberto Esposito and Barbara Cantalupo and Gaetano Maria De Ferrari and Marco Aldinucci},
url = {https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/handle/2318/1796298/780512/21_AI4numbers-preprint.pdf},
doi = {10.23736/s2724-5683.21.05709-4},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Minerva cardiology and angiology},
abstract = {This paper reviews recent cardiology literature and reports how Artificial Intelligence Tools (specifically, Machine Learning techniques) are being used by physicians in the field. Each technique is introduced with enough details to allow the understanding of how it works and its intent, but without delving into details that do not add immediate benefits and require expertise in the field. We specifically focus on the principal Machine Learning based risk scores used in cardiovascular research. After introducing them and summarizing their assumptions and biases, we discuss their merits and shortcomings. We report on how frequently they are adopted in the field and suggest why this is the case based on our expertise in Machine Learning. We complete the analysis by reviewing how corresponding statistical approaches compare with them. Finally, we discuss the main open issues in applying Machine Learning tools to cardiology tasks, also drafting possible future directions. Despite the growing interest in these tools, we argue that there are many still underutilized techniques: while Neural Networks are slowly being incorporated in cardiovascular research, other important techniques such as Semi-Supervised Learning and Federated Learning are still underutilized. The former would allow practitioners to harness the information contained in large datasets that are only partially labeled, while the latter would foster collaboration between institutions allowing building larger and better models.},
keywords = {deephealth, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper reviews recent cardiology literature and reports how Artificial Intelligence Tools (specifically, Machine Learning techniques) are being used by physicians in the field. Each technique is introduced with enough details to allow the understanding of how it works and its intent, but without delving into details that do not add immediate benefits and require expertise in the field. We specifically focus on the principal Machine Learning based risk scores used in cardiovascular research. After introducing them and summarizing their assumptions and biases, we discuss their merits and shortcomings. We report on how frequently they are adopted in the field and suggest why this is the case based on our expertise in Machine Learning. We complete the analysis by reviewing how corresponding statistical approaches compare with them. Finally, we discuss the main open issues in applying Machine Learning tools to cardiology tasks, also drafting possible future directions. Despite the growing interest in these tools, we argue that there are many still underutilized techniques: while Neural Networks are slowly being incorporated in cardiovascular research, other important techniques such as Semi-Supervised Learning and Federated Learning are still underutilized. The former would allow practitioners to harness the information contained in large datasets that are only partially labeled, while the latter would foster collaboration between institutions allowing building larger and better models.
Daniele D'Agostino, Pietro Liò, Marco Aldinucci, Ivan Merelli
Advantages of using graph databases to explore chromatin conformation capture experiments Journal Article
In: BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 43–58, 2021, ISBN: 1471-2105.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: deephealth, hpc4ai
@article{21:neohic:bmc,
title = {Advantages of using graph databases to explore chromatin conformation capture experiments},
author = {Daniele D'Agostino and Pietro Liò and Marco Aldinucci and Ivan Merelli},
url = {https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-020-03937-0.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s12859-020-03937-0},
isbn = {1471-2105},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
volume = {22},
number = {2},
pages = {43–58},
abstract = {High-throughput sequencing Chromosome Conformation Capture (Hi-C) allows the study of DNA interactions and 3D chromosome folding at the genome-wide scale. Usually, these data are represented as matrices describing the binary contacts among the different chromosome regions. On the other hand, a graph-based representation can be advantageous to describe the complex topology achieved by the DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.},
keywords = {deephealth, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
High-throughput sequencing Chromosome Conformation Capture (Hi-C) allows the study of DNA interactions and 3D chromosome folding at the genome-wide scale. Usually, these data are represented as matrices describing the binary contacts among the different chromosome regions. On the other hand, a graph-based representation can be advantageous to describe the complex topology achieved by the DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Iacopo Colonnelli, Barbara Cantalupo, Roberto Esposito, Matteo Pennisi, Concetto Spampinato, Marco Aldinucci
HPC Application Cloudification: The StreamFlow Toolkit Proceedings Article
In: Bispo, João, Cherubin, Stefano, Flich, José (Ed.): 12th Workshop on Parallel Programming and Run-Time Management Techniques for Many-core Architectures and 10th Workshop on Design Tools and Architectures for Multicore Embedded Computing Platforms (PARMA-DITAM 2021), pp. 5:1–5:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, Dagstuhl, Germany, 2021, ISSN: 2190-6807.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: deephealth, hpc4ai, streamflow
@inproceedings{colonnelli_et_al:OASIcs.PARMA-DITAM.2021.5,
title = {HPC Application Cloudification: The StreamFlow Toolkit},
author = {Iacopo Colonnelli and Barbara Cantalupo and Roberto Esposito and Matteo Pennisi and Concetto Spampinato and Marco Aldinucci},
editor = {João Bispo and Stefano Cherubin and José Flich},
url = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2021/13641/pdf/OASIcs-PARMA-DITAM-2021-5.pdf},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.PARMA-DITAM.2021.5},
issn = {2190-6807},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
booktitle = {12th Workshop on Parallel Programming and Run-Time Management Techniques for Many-core Architectures and 10th Workshop on Design Tools and Architectures for Multicore Embedded Computing Platforms (PARMA-DITAM 2021)},
volume = {88},
pages = {5:1–5:13},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
abstract = {Finding an effective way to improve accessibility to High-Performance Computing facilities, still anchored to SSH-based remote shells and queue-based job submission mechanisms, is an open problem in computer science. This work advocates a cloudification of HPC applications through a cluster-as-accelerator pattern, where computationally demanding portions of the main execution flow hosted on a Cloud Finding an effective way to improve accessibility to High-Performance Computing facilities, still anchored to SSH-based remote shells and queue-based job submission mechanisms, is an open problem in computer science. This work advocates a cloudification of HPC applications through a cluster-as-accelerator pattern, where computationally demanding portions of the main execution flow hosted on a Cloud infrastructure can be offloaded to HPC environments to speed them up. We introduce StreamFlow, a novel Workflow Management System that supports such a design pattern and makes it possible to run the steps of a standard workflow model on independent processing elements with no shared storage. We validated the proposed approach's effectiveness on the CLAIRE COVID-19 universal pipeline, i.e. a reproducible workflow capable of automating the comparison of (possibly all) state-of-the-art pipelines for the diagnosis of COVID-19 interstitial pneumonia from CT scans images based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs).},
keywords = {deephealth, hpc4ai, streamflow},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Finding an effective way to improve accessibility to High-Performance Computing facilities, still anchored to SSH-based remote shells and queue-based job submission mechanisms, is an open problem in computer science. This work advocates a cloudification of HPC applications through a cluster-as-accelerator pattern, where computationally demanding portions of the main execution flow hosted on a Cloud Finding an effective way to improve accessibility to High-Performance Computing facilities, still anchored to SSH-based remote shells and queue-based job submission mechanisms, is an open problem in computer science. This work advocates a cloudification of HPC applications through a cluster-as-accelerator pattern, where computationally demanding portions of the main execution flow hosted on a Cloud infrastructure can be offloaded to HPC environments to speed them up. We introduce StreamFlow, a novel Workflow Management System that supports such a design pattern and makes it possible to run the steps of a standard workflow model on independent processing elements with no shared storage. We validated the proposed approach's effectiveness on the CLAIRE COVID-19 universal pipeline, i.e. a reproducible workflow capable of automating the comparison of (possibly all) state-of-the-art pipelines for the diagnosis of COVID-19 interstitial pneumonia from CT scans images based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs).
Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Ovidio De Filippo, Guglielmo Gallone, Gianluca Mittone, Marco Agostino Deriu, Mario Iannaccone, Albert Ariza-Solé, Christoph Liebetrau, Sergio Manzano-Fernández, Giorgio Quadri, Tim Kinnaird, Gianluca Campo, Jose Paulo Simao Henriques, James M Hughes, Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez, Marco Aldinucci, Umberto Morbiducci, Giuseppe Patti, Sergio Raposeiras-Roubin, Emad Abu-Assi, Gaetano Maria De Ferrari, Francesco Piroli, Andrea Saglietto, Federico Conrotto, Pierluigi Omedé, Antonio Montefusco, Mauro Pennone, Francesco Bruno, Pier Paolo Bocchino, Giacomo Boccuzzi, Enrico Cerrato, Ferdinando Varbella, Michela Sperti, Stephen B. Wilton, Lazar Velicki, Ioanna Xanthopoulou, Angel Cequier, Andres Iniguez-Romo, Isabel Munoz Pousa, Maria Cespon Fernandez, Berenice Caneiro Queija, Rafael Cobas-Paz, Angel Lopez-Cuenca, Alberto Garay, Pedro Flores Blanco, Andrea Rognoni, Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai, Simone Biscaglia, Ivan Nunez-Gil, Toshiharu Fujii, Alessandro Durante, Xiantao Song, Tetsuma Kawaji, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Zenon Huczek, Jose Ramon Gonzalez Juanatey, Shao-Ping Nie, Masa-aki Kawashiri, Iacopo Colonnelli, Barbara Cantalupo, Roberto Esposito, Sergio Leonardi, Walter Grosso Marra, Alaide Chieffo, Umberto Michelucci, Dario Piga, Marta Malavolta, Sebastiano Gili, Marco Mennuni, Claudio Montalto, Luigi Oltrona Visconti, Yasir Arfat
Machine learning-based prediction of adverse events following an acute coronary syndrome (PRAISE): a modelling study of pooled datasets Journal Article
In: The Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10270, pp. 199–207, 2021, ISSN: 0140-6736.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ai, cardio, deephealth, hpc4ai
@article{21:lancet,
title = {Machine learning-based prediction of adverse events following an acute coronary syndrome (PRAISE): a modelling study of pooled datasets},
author = {Fabrizio D'Ascenzo and Ovidio De Filippo and Guglielmo Gallone and Gianluca Mittone and Marco Agostino Deriu and Mario Iannaccone and Albert Ariza-Solé and Christoph Liebetrau and Sergio Manzano-Fernández and Giorgio Quadri and Tim Kinnaird and Gianluca Campo and Jose Paulo Simao Henriques and James M Hughes and Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez and Marco Aldinucci and Umberto Morbiducci and Giuseppe Patti and Sergio Raposeiras-Roubin and Emad Abu-Assi and Gaetano Maria De Ferrari and Francesco Piroli and Andrea Saglietto and Federico Conrotto and Pierluigi Omedé and Antonio Montefusco and Mauro Pennone and Francesco Bruno and Pier Paolo Bocchino and Giacomo Boccuzzi and Enrico Cerrato and Ferdinando Varbella and Michela Sperti and Stephen B. Wilton and Lazar Velicki and Ioanna Xanthopoulou and Angel Cequier and Andres Iniguez-Romo and Isabel Munoz Pousa and Maria Cespon Fernandez and Berenice Caneiro Queija and Rafael Cobas-Paz and Angel Lopez-Cuenca and Alberto Garay and Pedro Flores Blanco and Andrea Rognoni and Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai and Simone Biscaglia and Ivan Nunez-Gil and Toshiharu Fujii and Alessandro Durante and Xiantao Song and Tetsuma Kawaji and Dimitrios Alexopoulos and Zenon Huczek and Jose Ramon Gonzalez Juanatey and Shao-Ping Nie and Masa-aki Kawashiri and Iacopo Colonnelli and Barbara Cantalupo and Roberto Esposito and Sergio Leonardi and Walter Grosso Marra and Alaide Chieffo and Umberto Michelucci and Dario Piga and Marta Malavolta and Sebastiano Gili and Marco Mennuni and Claudio Montalto and Luigi Oltrona Visconti and Yasir Arfat},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/James_Hughes3/publication/348501148_Machine_learning-based_prediction_of_adverse_events_following_an_acute_coronary_syndrome_PRAISE_a_modelling_study_of_pooled_datasets/links/6002a81ba6fdccdcb858b6c2/Machine-learning-based-prediction-of-adverse-events-following-an-acute-coronary-syndrome-PRAISE-a-modelling-study-of-pooled-datasets.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32519-8},
issn = {0140-6736},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {The Lancet},
volume = {397},
number = {10270},
pages = {199–207},
abstract = {Background The accuracy of current prediction tools for ischaemic and bleeding events after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains insufficient for individualised patient management strategies. We developed a machine learning-based risk stratification model to predict all-cause death, recurrent acute myocardial infarction, and major bleeding after ACS. Methods Different machine learning models for the prediction of 1-year post-discharge all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding (defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5) were trained on a cohort of 19826 adult patients with ACS (split into a training cohort [80%] and internal validation cohort [20%]) from the BleeMACS and RENAMI registries, which included patients across several continents. 25 clinical features routinely assessed at discharge were used to inform the models. The best-performing model for each study outcome (the PRAISE score) was tested in an external validation cohort of 3444 patients with ACS pooled from a randomised controlled trial and three prospective registries. Model performance was assessed according to a range of learning metrics including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Findings The PRAISE score showed an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.85) in the internal validation cohort and 0.92 (0.90-0.93) in the external validation cohort for 1-year all-cause death; an AUC of 0.74 (0.70-0.78) in the internal validation cohort and 0.81 (0.76-0.85) in the external validation cohort for 1-year myocardial infarction; and an AUC of 0.70 (0.66-0.75) in the internal validation cohort and 0.86 (0.82-0.89) in the external validation cohort for 1-year major bleeding. Interpretation A machine learning-based approach for the identification of predictors of events after an ACS is feasible and effective. The PRAISE score showed accurate discriminative capabilities for the prediction of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding, and might be useful to guide clinical decision making.},
keywords = {ai, cardio, deephealth, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background The accuracy of current prediction tools for ischaemic and bleeding events after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains insufficient for individualised patient management strategies. We developed a machine learning-based risk stratification model to predict all-cause death, recurrent acute myocardial infarction, and major bleeding after ACS. Methods Different machine learning models for the prediction of 1-year post-discharge all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding (defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5) were trained on a cohort of 19826 adult patients with ACS (split into a training cohort [80%] and internal validation cohort [20%]) from the BleeMACS and RENAMI registries, which included patients across several continents. 25 clinical features routinely assessed at discharge were used to inform the models. The best-performing model for each study outcome (the PRAISE score) was tested in an external validation cohort of 3444 patients with ACS pooled from a randomised controlled trial and three prospective registries. Model performance was assessed according to a range of learning metrics including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Findings The PRAISE score showed an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.85) in the internal validation cohort and 0.92 (0.90-0.93) in the external validation cohort for 1-year all-cause death; an AUC of 0.74 (0.70-0.78) in the internal validation cohort and 0.81 (0.76-0.85) in the external validation cohort for 1-year myocardial infarction; and an AUC of 0.70 (0.66-0.75) in the internal validation cohort and 0.86 (0.82-0.89) in the external validation cohort for 1-year major bleeding. Interpretation A machine learning-based approach for the identification of predictors of events after an ACS is feasible and effective. The PRAISE score showed accurate discriminative capabilities for the prediction of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and major bleeding, and might be useful to guide clinical decision making.
Iacopo Colonnelli, Barbara Cantalupo, Ivan Merelli, Marco Aldinucci
StreamFlow: cross-breeding cloud with HPC Journal Article
In: IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1723–1737, 2021.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: deephealth, hpc4ai, streamflow
@article{20Lstreamflow:tetc,
title = {StreamFlow: cross-breeding cloud with HPC},
author = {Iacopo Colonnelli and Barbara Cantalupo and Ivan Merelli and Marco Aldinucci},
url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.01558},
doi = {10.1109/TETC.2020.3019202},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {1723–1737},
abstract = {Workflows are among the most commonly used tools in a variety of execution environments. Many of them target a specific environment; few of them make it possible to execute an entire workflow in different environments, e.g. Kubernetes and batch clusters. We present a novel approach to workflow execution, called StreamFlow, that complements the workflow graph with the declarative description of potentially complex execution environments, and that makes it possible the execution onto multiple sites not sharing a common data space. StreamFlow is then exemplified on a novel bioinformatics pipeline for single cell transcriptomic data analysis workflow.},
keywords = {deephealth, hpc4ai, streamflow},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Workflows are among the most commonly used tools in a variety of execution environments. Many of them target a specific environment; few of them make it possible to execute an entire workflow in different environments, e.g. Kubernetes and batch clusters. We present a novel approach to workflow execution, called StreamFlow, that complements the workflow graph with the declarative description of potentially complex execution environments, and that makes it possible the execution onto multiple sites not sharing a common data space. StreamFlow is then exemplified on a novel bioinformatics pipeline for single cell transcriptomic data analysis workflow.
2020
Valentina Cesare, Iacopo Colonnelli, Marco Aldinucci
Practical Parallelization of Scientific Applications Proceedings Article
In: Proc. of 28th Euromicro Intl. Conference on Parallel Distributed and network-based Processing (PDP), pp. 376–384, IEEE, Västerås, Sweden, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: c3s, hpc4ai
@inproceedings{20:looppar:pdp,
title = {Practical Parallelization of Scientific Applications},
author = {Valentina Cesare and Iacopo Colonnelli and Marco Aldinucci},
url = {https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/handle/2318/1735377/601141/2020_looppar_PDP.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/PDP50117.2020.00064},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
booktitle = {Proc. of 28th Euromicro Intl. Conference on Parallel Distributed and network-based Processing (PDP)},
pages = {376–384},
publisher = {IEEE},
address = {Västerås, Sweden},
abstract = {This work aims at distilling a systematic methodology to modernize existing sequential scientific codes with a limited re-designing effort, turning an old codebase into modern code, i.e., parallel and robust code. We propose an automatable methodology to parallelize scientific applications designed with a purely sequential programming mindset, thus possibly using global variables, aliasing, random number generators, and stateful functions. We demonstrate the methodology by way of an astrophysical application, where we model at the same time the kinematic profiles of 30 disk galaxies with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC), which is sequential by definition. The parallel code exhibits a 12 times speedup on a 48-core platform.},
keywords = {c3s, hpc4ai},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This work aims at distilling a systematic methodology to modernize existing sequential scientific codes with a limited re-designing effort, turning an old codebase into modern code, i.e., parallel and robust code. We propose an automatable methodology to parallelize scientific applications designed with a purely sequential programming mindset, thus possibly using global variables, aliasing, random number generators, and stateful functions. We demonstrate the methodology by way of an astrophysical application, where we model at the same time the kinematic profiles of 30 disk galaxies with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC), which is sequential by definition. The parallel code exhibits a 12 times speedup on a 48-core platform.
2018
Marco Aldinucci, Sergio Rabellino, Marco Pironti, Filippo Spiga, Paolo Viviani, Maurizio Drocco, Marco Guerzoni, Guido Boella, Marco Mellia, Paolo Margara, Idillio Drago, Roberto Marturano, Guido Marchetto, Elio Piccolo, Stefano Bagnasco, Stefano Lusso, Sara Vallero, Giuseppe Attardi, Alex Barchiesi, Alberto Colla, Fulvio Galeazzi
HPC4AI, an AI-on-demand federated platform endeavour Proceedings Article
In: ACM Computing Frontiers, Ischia, Italy, 2018.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: hpc4ai, rephrase, toreador
@inproceedings{18:hpc4ai_acm_CF,
title = {HPC4AI, an AI-on-demand federated platform endeavour},
author = {Marco Aldinucci and Sergio Rabellino and Marco Pironti and Filippo Spiga and Paolo Viviani and Maurizio Drocco and Marco Guerzoni and Guido Boella and Marco Mellia and Paolo Margara and Idillio Drago and Roberto Marturano and Guido Marchetto and Elio Piccolo and Stefano Bagnasco and Stefano Lusso and Sara Vallero and Giuseppe Attardi and Alex Barchiesi and Alberto Colla and Fulvio Galeazzi},
url = {https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/handle/2318/1765596/689772/2018_hpc4ai_ACM_CF.pdf},
doi = {10.1145/3203217.3205340},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-05-01},
booktitle = {ACM Computing Frontiers},
address = {Ischia, Italy},
abstract = {In April 2018, under the auspices of the POR-FESR 2014-2020 program of Italian Piedmont Region, the Turin's Centre on High-Performance Computing for Artificial Intelligence (HPC4AI) was funded with a capital investment of 4.5Me and it began its deployment. HPC4AI aims to facilitate scientific research and engineering in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics. HPC4AI will specifically focus on methods for the on-demand provisioning of AI and BDA Cloud services to the regional and national industrial community, which includes the large regional ecosystem of Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) active in many different sectors such as automotive, aerospace, mechatronics, manufacturing, health and agrifood.},
keywords = {hpc4ai, rephrase, toreador},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In April 2018, under the auspices of the POR-FESR 2014-2020 program of Italian Piedmont Region, the Turin's Centre on High-Performance Computing for Artificial Intelligence (HPC4AI) was funded with a capital investment of 4.5Me and it began its deployment. HPC4AI aims to facilitate scientific research and engineering in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics. HPC4AI will specifically focus on methods for the on-demand provisioning of AI and BDA Cloud services to the regional and national industrial community, which includes the large regional ecosystem of Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) active in many different sectors such as automotive, aerospace, mechatronics, manufacturing, health and agrifood.